CR Questions 42, 43

42). Toddlers are not being malicious when they bite people. For example, a child may want a toy, and feel that the person he or she bites is preventing him or her from having it.

The situation as described above most closely conforms to which one of the following generalizations?

(A) Biting people is sometimes a way for toddlers to try to solve problems.

(B) Toddlers sometimes engage in biting people in order to get attention from adults.

(C) Toddlers mistakenly believe that biting people is viewed as acceptable behavior by adults.

(D) Toddlers do not recognize that by biting people they often thwart their own ends.

(E) Resorting to biting people is in some cases an effective way for toddlers to get what they want.

43). Psychiatrist: We are learning that neurochemical imbalances can cause behavior ranging from extreme mental illness to less serious but irritating behavior such as obsessive fantasizing, petulance, or embarrassment. These findings will promote compassion and tolerance when looking at a mental illness, quirk, or mere difference between two persons, since being mentally healthy can now begin to be seen as simply having the same neurochemical balances as most people.

Which one of the following most accurately expresses the conclusion of the psychiatrist's argument?

(A) Understanding the role of the neurochemical in behavior will foster empathy toward others.

(B) Neurochemical imbalances can cause mental illness and other behaviors.

(C) Neurochemical balances and imbalances are the main determinants of mental behavior.

(D) Being mentally healthy is a matter of having the same neurochemical balances as most people.

(E) Advances in neurochemistry enhance our theories of mental illness


Answers:

42). OA - A

Conclusion: Toddlers are not malicious when they bite other people. The stated example tells the fact that why the toddler feels his act of biting is acceptable and that he would get what he wants by biting

A - correct - similar to reasoning above - toddler bites to get a toy ..thus in a way solves his problems
B - incorrect - irrelevant - nowhere adults are mentioned in the argument
C - incorrect - irrelevant - no feelings of Toddlers towards adult is stated in the argument
D - incorrect - does not relates to the argument though can be true
E - incorrect - how do we know it is an effective way..it is not stated in the argument

43). OA - A

We are suppose to identify the conclusion

A - correct - expresses the conclusion: These findings will promote compassion and tolerance....
B - incorrect - this is not a conclusion but simply a fact.
C - incorrect - main determinants - nowhere stated
D - incorrect - this is same as a fact
E - incorrect - close call but too broad to conclude..A is better than E